形容加副词加比较级

考点一、形容词的定义及句法功能

形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的一类词。形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语和宾语补足语。

1.用作定语，修饰名词或代词。

（1）形容词修饰名词时，一般置于它所修饰的名词之前；如有若干形容词同时修饰一个名词时，它们的排列顺序较为固定，通常为：描绘形容词—特征形容词--（包括大小、长短、形状、新旧、年龄等）--颜色形容词。

例如：She has beautiful long curly blond hair. 她长着漂亮的金黄色长卷发。

Mary gave me a useful big brown wooden box. 玛丽给我一个实用的大的褐色木盒子。 注意：

A.enough修饰名词时，既可以放在名词之前，也可以放在名词之后。但多放在名词前。例如：

Don’t worry, we have enough time/time enough to get there. 别着急，我们有足够的时间赶到那儿。

B.由连字符连接起来的复合形容词中的名词只能用单数形式。例如： an eight-year-old boy 一个8岁的男孩

(2)形容词修饰由some,any,every,no等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。例如： Will you please tell us something interesting? 你给我们说一些有趣的事好吗？

There’s nothing special in the box. 盒子里没有什么特别的东西。 Anyone intelligent can do it. 任何有智力的人都能做这件事。 2.用作表语，位于系动词之后。

初中阶段常用的系动词有：be, become, get, look, feel, smell, taste, sound, turn, seem, keep, grow

例：The park is very beautiful.这座公园很美。

The soup smells delicious.汤闻上去真鲜美。 That sounds good.那听上去不错。 3.用作宾语补足语，紧跟在宾语后面。例如： Keep the classroom clean and tidy,please. 请保持教室干净整洁。

Kate found her work very boring. 凯特发现她的工作很枯燥。

We should try our best to make our environment more beautiful. 我们应该尽力使我们的环境更美。

注意：常见的只作表语的形容词有：well, ill, sorry, gald, ready;以及以a-起首的：afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake等。

常见的只作定语的形容词有：digital, woolen, indoor, outdoor;以及表示方位的：east, eastern,north,northern,south,southern,west,western等。另外，有些形容词和定冠词

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the连用，叫做名词化的形容词，常用来：

（1）泛指一类人，表示复数概念，作主语时要求谓语动词用复数形式。这类词有：rich/poor;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white(表示人种)等。 The old are taken good care of in our country. 在我们国家老人受到很好的照顾。 The white are beautiful. 白种人很漂亮。

（2）指抽象事物，作主语时要求谓语动词用单数形式。 The beautiful never dies. 美是不朽的。

考点二、副词的定义及句法功能

副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、其它副词以及全句的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

1.副词在句中的作用。

（1）用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词和全句。 例：It’s very cold in winter here.

这里冬天很冷。

（2）用作表语，置于系动词后。多数与介词同形的副词以及一些表示位置的副词都可以用作表语。

例：I’m afraid I must be off now.

恐怕我现在得走了。

When will they be back? 他们什么时候回来？ （3）用作宾语补足语。

例：I saw you out with your wife last Sunday.

上周日我看见你和你妻子一起出去了。 Please have them in. 请让他们进来。

（4）用作定语，置于所修饰的名词之后。 例：The people there are very friendly.

那儿的人很好。

We hope you will enjoy your stay here. 我们希望你们在这里过的愉快。 2.副词作状语时在句子中的位置。

（1）修饰动词，多置于动词之后，如有宾语，则置于宾语之后。 例：Please read carefully. 请仔细地阅读。

Please read the instructions carefully. 请认真阅读说明。

（2）频率副词often,always, never, seldom等通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词、系动词、be动词、助动词之后。

例：Jenny often comes to school early,but her classmate Jim is often late. 詹尼经常很早到校，但是她的同学吉姆经常迟到。 I shall always remember their kindness.

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我永远记住他们的善良。

You must never play football in the street. 你绝不可以在街上踢足球。

注意：方式副词well, badly, hard等只能放在句尾。 例：He speaks English well.

他英语讲得很好。

（3）修饰形容词、副词，置于被修饰词之前。 例：The box is too heavy. 这个箱子太重。

Tom owns a very nice house. 汤姆有一座很漂亮的房子。

注意：enough修饰形容词、副词时，要置于被修饰词之后。 例：The boy is old enough to go to school. 这个男孩到了上学的年纪了。

He ran fast enough to catch the train. 他跑的足够快，赶上了火车。 （4）修饰全句，置于句首。

例：Luckily it was not so hot. 幸好天气不是太热。

Maybe they can help us. 或许他们可以帮助我们。 考点三、形容词、副词的比较等级

形容词、副词有三个等级，分别为原级、比较级、最高级。 1.形容词、副词比较等级的构成。

（1）形容词、副词比较等级的规则变化如下表： 构成方法 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est 原级 long tall 比较级 longer taller larger nicer busier heavier funnier earlier 最高级 longest tallest largest nicest busiest heaviest funniest earliest 以字母-elarge 结尾的词，nice 加-r或-st 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先变y为i，再加-er或-est busy heavy funny early 重读闭音big 节词只有hot 一个辅音fat 字母结尾时，先双写辅音字母，

bigger hotter fatter biggest hottest fattest 3

再加-er或-est 多音节和部分双音节词 在原级前加more或most useful beautiful quickly slowly more useful more beautiful more quickly more slowly most useful most beautiful most quickly most slowly （2）形容词、副词比较等级的不规则变化： 原级 good/well bad/badly/ill little many/much far old 比较级 better worse less more 最高级 best worst least most farther/further farthest/furthest older/elder oldest/eldest 2.形容词、副词比较等级的用法。

（1）原级常用于“as+原级+as”结构，表示一方和另一方程度相同，意思是“„„和„„一样”。

例：Jenny is nearly as tall as her mother. 詹尼差不多和她妈妈一样高了。

（2）比较级常用于“比较级+than”结构，表示“两者比较，一方超过另一方”。 例：Tom is younger than me.

汤姆比我年轻。

注意：1.在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间

相比较。

例：It is better to give than to receive. 给予要比索取好。

2.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

例：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其它城市都大。

3.要注意冠词的使用。形容词后有名词时，前面才有可能有冠词。 例：Which is the larger country,Canada or China?

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哪一个国家是更大的，加拿大还是中国？

4.最高级常用于“the+最高级+比较范畴”结构，表示“三者或三者以上（人或事物）比较，其中一方程度最高”。比较范畴可以用“in/of+名词的复数形式或代词的宾格”表示。若“范围”是与主语同范畴的词，用of；若为不同范畴的词，则常用in。 例：This picture is the best in the hall.

这幅画是大厅里最好的。

Jim is the most outgoing of us all. 吉姆是我们大家中最外向的。

二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式。

1．My brother is two years _________ (old) than me. 2. Is your sister _________ (young) than you? Yes,she is. 3. Who is __________ (thin),you or Helen? Helen is.

4. Whose pencil-box is _________ (big),yours or hers? Hers is. 5．Ben jumps ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 6．Does Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she does. 7．My eyes are __________(big) than hers.

8．Which is __________ (heavy),the elephant or the pig? 9．Who gets up ________ (early),Tim or Tom?

10．Do the girls get up_______(early) than the boys? No,they______. 11．Jim runs _____ (slow). But Ben runs _____(slow). 三、选择正确的词填空。

Sarah is 12 years ________ (old,older).She is one year ________ (older,oldest) than me.But I am 0.1 meter ________ (taller, tallest) than her.She studies in Guangzhou interational Shool.She studies ________ (harder,hardest) in her class.Everyone likes her.

Yesterday ,she was ill.She took some medicine and she feels ________ (good,better) now.

（ ）1． I think science is _ than Japanese．

A． much important B． important C． much more important D． more much important （ ） 2 This pencil is___ than that one．

A． longest B． long C． longer D． as long

（ ） 3 These children are ____ this year than they were last year． A． more tall B． more taller C． very taller D． much taller （ ） 4 It was very hot yesterday， but it is___ today．

A． even hotter B． more hotter C． much more hot D． much hot （ ）5 Our classroom is____ larger than theirs． A． more B． quite C． very D． much （ ） 6 Maths is more popular than____．

A． any other subject B． all the subjects C． any subject D． other subject

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（ ） 7 China is larger than ____ in Africa

A． any other country B． other countries C． the other country D． any country （ ） 8 Tom is stronger than ___ in his class．

A． any other boy B． any boys C． any boy D． other boy （ ） 9 When spring comes， it gets____． A． warm and warm B． colder and colder C． warmer and warmer D． shorter and shorter （ ） 10 By and by， ____ students in our class came to like English．

A． more and more B． much and much C． many and many D． less and least （ ） 11 At last he began to cry ___． A． hard and hard B． more hard and more hard C． harder and harder D． less hard and less harder

（ ） 12 When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____．

A． short； long B． long； short C． longer； shorter D． shorter； longer （ ）13___ I look at the picture， ____ I like it．

A． The best； the more B． The more； the less C． The more； less D． More； the more

（ ）14___ he read the book， ____ he got in it．

A． The more； the more interesting B． The less； the more interesting C． The more； the more interested D． More； more interested （ ） 15 Which do you like ___， tea or coffee？ A． well B． better C． best D． most

（ ） 16 Which do you think tastes _， the chicken or the fish？ A．good B．better C．best D．well （ ） 17 Who jumped____of all？

A． far B． farther C． farthest D． the most far （ ） 18Li Lei is___ student in our class．

A． tall B． taller C． tallest D． the tallest

（ ） 19 The fifth orange is____ of all． Give it to that small child． A． big B． bigger C． the bigger D． the biggest （ ）20 Who is－－－of you three？

A． the oldest B． much older C． oldest D． older （ ）21 Tom is one of _ boys in our class．

A．tallest B． taller C． the tallest B． the tall （ ）22 The tree is ___ in the garden．

A．the taller B．the tallest C．taller than l D． tall （ ）23 Which is_， Li Lei or Wu Tong？

A．strong B．strongest C． stronger D． the strongest （ ）24 Which language is____， English， French or Japanese？

A． easy B． the most easy C． the easiest o D． much more easy （ ）25 Which is____interesting， science， maths or English？ A． more B． the most C． very D． Too

（ ）26 Which city is____， Beijing， Shanghai or Fuzhou？

A． beautiful B． more beautiful C． much more beautiful D． the most beautiful （ ）27 Which month is____， June， July or August？

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A． hot B． hotter C． hottest D． the hottest

（ ） 28 I am twelve； Mike is fourteen； Mary is thirteen． So Mike is the ___ of the three． A． old B． older C． oldest D． the oldest （ ） 29 My ____ brother is three years ____ than I．

A． elder； elder B． older； oldest C． elder； older D． older； elder （ ） 30 His ____ son often go to see him on Sunday． A． eldest B． older C． the eldest D． the older

（ ） 31、He is two years ___ than I． A． elder B． smaller C． younger D． Less （ ） 32、--Tina.Mother says we can have a pet! How about a dog? --I prefer a cat. It is to take care of. A.easy B.easier C.easiest D.the easiest

( ) 33.We like him not only because he teaches us but also he treats us . A.good; friendly B.good; kindly C.well; friendly D.well; kindly

( ) 34.As soon as the news came into our ears, we all cheered and became A.exciting; exciting B.excited; excited C.exciting; excited; exciting ( ) 35.--The cake looks . --Yes, and it tastes even . A.well; good B.nice; better C.good; worse D.better; best. ( ) 36.The boy isn't to dress himself.

A.old enough B.enough old C.old

( ) 37.---Could you please tell me in today's newspaper? ---Sorry, . A.something special; special nothing B.special something; special nothing C.anything special; something special D.something special; nothing special

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